Nokia Basics for Beginners

[1amigo]

A normal battery has only two terminals brought out of its casing. But the batteries used in Mobile Phones, many times have more than 2, at least 3 or even 4 (at the most) terminals brought out on its casing. You may wonder why so? It is very interesting to go into the details and know more about it. Though the charging circuit inside a mobile phone is generally designed with providing a very very safe charging voltage to the battery, it is made more perfect with the use of this additional terminals provided on the battery casing.

Let us see why it is thought necessary, to provide more than the normal 2 terminals in Mobile Phones Batteries. Take the case of a Nokia phone 3310 or 3315. You may notice that for this particular model of the phone the batteries available are of both the types, Ni-Mh as well as Li Ion types. It is necessary to inform you at this stage that not only the charging current may differ in these two different kinds of batteries but also the voltage level up to which they can be charged safely will also differ in them. To be more specific, the Ni-Mh battery can be charged safely up to 5.2 volts whereas the Li Ion battery’s safe voltage is only 4.8 volts. So the same circuit in the mobile phone will have to stop charging the batteries at different levels of voltages in each case. So how it will know which kind of battery is inserted in the mobile phone and to be charged and so at which level to stop charging in each of the case? This is achieved with the help of a standard, pre-decided or pre-determined by all the battery manufacturers according to which they put extra components inside each battery casing which will bring a certain predetermined voltage level at that point called BSI (Battery Size Indicator), which will help not only to know the type of battery it is but will also let us know it’s capacity in mAH!!!! Isn’t it very intelligent?
Yes, it is a very nice way of letting the charging circuit to know how much charging current it should supply and on reaching which level of voltage, it should stop supplying the charging current to the battery. I am sure, all of you would like to now how this is achieved. The following details taken from the technical pages for the Nokia Model 3310 will help you understand this better.
The type of the battery inserted in the mobile phone is found out by the think-tank of the phone, which is the CPU (Central processing Unit) of the mobile phone. In the case of Nokia 3310-3315 models it is the IC known as MAD IC, which is actually the CPU of the mobile phone. This is done by the CPU with the help of the Charging Control IC of the phone CCONT IC. The CCONT IC reads the voltage at a point on the battery called the BSI line. The Batteries contain a pull-down (connected to either ground or the –ve terminal of the battery) resistor inside the battery casing. Typically, for a BLB-2 type of Nokia battery (Li Ion 650 mAH), it is a 68Kohms resistor. Other values used in other types of batteries are listed in the table below:
Battery Type and it’s capacity Value of the pull down resistor inside the battery
BMC-2 Ni-Mh 640mAH 3.3K (3.3K=3.3Kohms=3300ohms)
BMC-3 Ni-Mh 900mAH 5.6K
BLB- 2 Li-Ion 650 mAH 68K
BLC- 2 Li-Ion 900 mAH 75K

How would this help identifying the type of battery?
Let us try to visualize the schematic of the Battery related components. This BSI point of the Battery is connected as shown below in the figure via a 10K resistor to a point on the CCONT IC. Also it is connected to 2.8volts supply line via a pull-up resistor of a value fixed at 150K.


To view the pictures here, please download the attached file.



The thermistor RT is a thermal kind of resistor, whose value decreases as it’s temperature rises. As above in the case of BSI point, the BTEMP point of the Battery is connected with a pull-up (to pull up the voltage) resistor of 100K to a Vref positive voltage point. This 100K resistor on the BTEMP point is also connected to ground point via our thermal resistor Rt. So the voltage at BTEMP point is dependent on the value of Rt, right?

When the Battery is put for charging in the mobile phone, there is normally a little rise in the temperature of the battery. This will cause a rise in temperature of the Resistance RT inside the battery casing. Now as per the characteristic of the NTC resistor , it’s resistance value decreases as it’s temperature rises. This also changes the voltage at the BTEMP point of the battery as well as the CCONT BTEMP pin. This change is always fed to the CPU which keeps monitoring it continuously. This is always online referred to the Energy Managemant Software loaded in the Memory ICs (Flash & RAM ICs) inside the phone. When the temperature inside the battery increases beyond it’s allowed limit, this change in voltage at the BTEMP point will be processed in the CPU and the Memory ICs and the CPU will then ask the CCONT IC to stop supplying the charging current to the battery and will stop charging absolutely to save the battery from any damage that may occur due to it’s rise in temperature.

Thus, in Nokia 3310-3315-3330-3390 etc. series of Phones, all the functions of charging are achieved very accurately and perfectly with the use of :
(1) Chaps (Charging IC) -N200 #U423V2G36T
(2) CCONT (Charging Controller IC) -N201
(3) MAD (CPU IC) -D300#MAD2WD1_ROM6-V16-uBGA
(4) Memory ICs (Flash & RAM ICs) -D301 #M28W160T100GB6T (FLASH IC 1Mx16) ; D302 #K6F1016U4A-FF10T00 (SRAM 64Kx16) &
(5) Energy Management Software loaded in the Flash IC.

To view a pictorial explanation, please download the attached file.

[aslamjana]

Plz tell us how to use meter to measure voltage checking resistor or capictors

[sin_daemon]

And i want entire structure of MAD IC (CPU), Memory map!

[1amigo]

Originally Posted by sin_daemon

And i want entire structure of MAD IC (CPU), Memory map!

do you mean the pin configuration of the MAD IC?

[1amigo]

Originally Posted by aslamjana

Plz tell us how to use meter to measure voltage checking resistor or capictors

please download and read the files at
http://forum.gsmhosting.com/vbb/show...280034&page=24

[1amigo]

If you have a dead Nokia DCT3 phone on your hand like a 3310, you should ideally try flashing it first before looking for a fault in the hardware section of the phone. Many such phones have gone dead because of a corrupted software and can be easily put to life (revived) by just flashing it properly.
By and large tools like UFS,Twister,JAF etc. are good for Nokia phones in general, but when it comes to flashing a DCT3 phone, I personally prefer to use the Dejan Cable set with Rolis Flasher and Noktool to revive the software damaged DCT3 phones. However, if you have any of this tools (UFS,Twister,JAF etc.)and on attaching the phone to it, if you get the message "1st boot error"', then the problem is in hardware section of the phone and it will not help to flash the phone at all. However, even if you flashed it with proper latest version flash files, REST ASSURED that no damage will be done and you will have aan upgraded phone when you finally are able to revive it !!!!!!!!
Attached here is a very nice tutorial for flashing DCT3 phones using Rolis Flasher and Noktool.

[1amigo]

And yes, I forgot to mention another Very Good DCT3 flasher, Geoflasher. You have to use Geoflasher with the same set of Dejan Flasher Cables. You can put "Geoflasher" in the search button on this forum and i am sure you will find plenty of links to it. Still if anyone has any problem finding it, please e-mail to me at [email protected]

[1amigo]

3310_Blocks_1 :

The Basic Phone Model selected for our study is NOKIA 3310. This 3310 phone has many modified additions to it’s family like 3315,3330,3350,3390 to mention the popular ones.

To understand the working pattern of this Mobile Phone, this 3310 phone can be split into 4 sections :
(1) Signal Processing Section, which consists of RF Section, IF Section and lastly the Audio Section. We can see in the block that this Signal Processing Section is working in 2 directions. The Signal carrying the voice signals of the person on the other side is entering the Antenna and is called the Rx signal and it gets processed in the RF,IF and finally the AF or the Audio Sections of the phone to be available for hearing thro’ the SPEAKER. Similarly, the Voice Signal picked up by the MICrophone of the phone is the Signal to be Transmitted and so becomes the Tx signal passing in the opposite direction of the Rx Signal to reach the Tower thro’ the Antenna of our Mobile Phone.
(2) Logic Section which consists of the CPU and the FLASH and RAM sections. Logic Section works according to the program stored in the flash IC. The CPU or the Central Processing Unit of the phone makes this section the Brain of the whole unit. All the logic or the intelligence is stored in the memory devices the FLASH and the RAM chips in this section. Like a Guardian in the Family, the CPU keeps a Constant watch on most of the activities taking place in the phone and sends the correcting commands or signals to appropriate Sections as and when necessary. It takes help of it’s allies, the FLASH & RAM chips to take a decision by making references stored in them for comparision. Some of the activities it is monitoring are : (i) Strength of the received signal (ii) battery voltage (iii) charging current (iv) battery temperature (v) charging voltage (vi) clock or timing related functions (vii) memory availability (viii) on or off state of the phone (ix) sim data for synchronizing with the service provider data (x) availability of services subscribed with the service provider like Calling number identification (Caller ID availability), Call waiting, Call Diverting, Call Forwarding etc. (xi) most importantly the validity of the IMEI check both for it’s internal verification as well as for validating by the service provider for blacklisted IMEI numbers.
(3) UI (User Interface ) Section consisting of Speaker, Microphone, LCD Display, LCD LEDs, KEYPAD LEDs, Vibrator, Buzzer and KEYPAD Assemblies. I believe this are self explanatory parts or functions and hardly need any description.

(4) Power Supply Section which consists of the Charging Circuit, the Battery, the Power Distribution Section and the SIM CIRCUIT. With the help of the CPU and it’s allied logical allies, a perfectly tuned battery charging function is achieved for best performance and long life of the battery. Also power is distributed from the Battery to all the sections of the phone from this section with the help of the Power Distributor Chip.
Also this section reads the data stored in the SIM Card and refers it to the CPU or the logic section to further process and validate it with the help of Signal Processing Section so that the mobile phone gets the access and remain connected to the network of the SIM Card provider company also called the service provider company.

In my next post (#9) immediately below here, you can see which major parts are used in various sections mentioned in this diagram.

[1amigo]

3310_Blocks_2 :

The Major Parts used in the above Sections are as follows :

(1)Signal Processing Section
Z502 Antenna Switch (DIPLEXER)
Z501 Dual Frequency Band Pass Filter
V501 HF (High Frequency) Amplifier for 900MHz Signal
V500 HF (High Frequency) Amplifier for 1800MHz Signal
Z500 Dual Freq. band Pass Filter
N500 HAGAR IC Demodulates Rx Signal and Modulates the Tx Signal
G500 Local Oscillator (VCO-Voltage Controlled Oscillator)
G502 26MHz Oscillator
N503 Regulating IC (Converts 5V to 3.8V with Control Signal of 2.8V
received as HAGAR Reset Control Signal from CPU
N100 COBBA IC Converts the incoming Rx Digital Signal to Rx Analog
Signal and similarly converts the outgoing Tx Analog signal to Tx
Digital Signal
Z503 GSM (900MHz) Tx Filter
N502 PA (Power Amplifier) for outgoing Tx Signal

(2)Logic Section
D300 CPU called MAD IC
D301 FLASH IC
D302 RAM IC
(3)UI (User Interface ) Section
N400 UI (User Interface) IC

(4)Power Supply Section
N200 Charging IC called CHAPS
N201 Power Controller IC called CCONT
X400 SIM Card Socket

[1amigo]

In the next post i shall try and explain the Functions of each and every major part mentioned in the block diagram above like Antenna Switch (Diplexer), Band Pass Filter, Hagar, Cobba etc. etc. , if you people need it.

[esma23]

It's a great thread! Keep it up.
We are very glad to have this thread and we will more appreciate it if you can give us same ideas on DCT4, DCT4(WD2) and finally BB5.....

We need to know this basic but important informations....
This is very important to all professional technicians.

Hope you can give us or somebody have the knowledge on this please share it...

More Power to everyone!

[Talagang]

We need more and more you are realy great.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

It's a great thread! Keep it up.
We are very glad to have this thread and we will more appreciate it if you can give us same ideas on DCT4, DCT4(WD2) and finally BB5.....

We need to know this basic but important informations....
This is very important to all professional technicians.

More Power to everyone!

[cell2cell]

l am learning more from you every day and lm very thank full that you give your time to pass this information to me and all who are out there and want to learn. for your information l have repaired one or two form your so called bigginers information
thanks 1amigo

[1amigo]

Having learnt about the Filters and Antenna switches in the thread “Training Manual for Beginners” , at
http://forum.gsmhosting.com/vbb/show...18#post2021418

let us see them put to use in

RF SECTION OF NOKIA 3310 Mobile Phone:
Mobile Phones make use of Filters called Dual Band-pass filters because they need to allow two frequencies of signals most commonly 900MHz and 1800MHz in the dual band mobile phones. Also Antenna Switches are used in Mobile Phones expensively at the very first stage of the point of entry of the signal (called the received signal Rx) into the mobile phone which also eventually becomes the point of exit for the outgoing signal or the transmitted signal Tx. The newer models of the Mobile Phones like a Nokia 6600 makes use of an active Antenna Switch which also has a built-in amplifier circuit inside it to immediately boost the Rx signal.

See this COMPONENTS closely in the PICTURE OF NOKIA 3310 Mobile phone PCB in the jpg file attached below :

[r a nadeem]

1amigo
dear u did good work , i like it , there is no need to additional site , i accept it , i wish the beginner's got every things , sorry dear i have condemned u before the read this , really sorry ,i did not want to criticize

regards